Philippine Airlines (PAL) and Cebu Pacific are two of the major players in the country’s aviation industry. Both domestic airlines operate under legislative franchises granted by the Philippine government and, pursuant to their respective franchises and applicable laws, have enjoyed certain tax privileges.

Labor disputes in the Philippines typically involve crossroads between an employer and an employee. Precedents likewise show that administrative and judicial bodies are usually in quandary in deciding whether an employee has been validly terminated from his employment.

THE legal profession has long been defined by tradition, built on centuries of jurisprudence, carefully drafted briefs and the deeply personal bond between counselor and client. Yet, as the eighth edition of The Manila Times 500 and the Next 500 underscores a business landscape rapidly reshaped by artificial intelligence (AI), even the most traditional sectors must confront digital realities.

Fuel’s essential importance to driving society and the economy cannot be overstated. It is the lifeblood of transportation...